Emergency lighting testing: what you need to do.
If you are responsible for a workplace, shop, block of flats or other non domestic building, emergency lighting is part of your fire safety duties. Here is what testing involves.
Who is responsible
Under the Regulatory Reform (Fire Safety) Order 2005, the responsible person for a non domestic building, usually the employer, owner, landlord or managing agent, must make sure emergency lighting is provided where the fire risk assessment requires it, and that it is properly maintained and tested.
What emergency lighting covers
Emergency lighting comes on when the normal lighting fails, so people can leave safely.
- Escape routes, corridors and stairs
- Exit doors and exit signs
- Changes in direction and floor level
- Fire alarm call points and firefighting equipment
- Open areas and high risk task areas where needed
The testing routine
British Standard BS 5266-1 sets out the recommended testing. Every month, each fitting should be given a short function test, simulating a power failure to check it lights. Once a year, a full duration test should run the fittings on battery for their full rated time, usually three hours, to prove the batteries can last.
A full duration test drains the batteries, which then take time to recharge. It is best done when the building is unoccupied, or in stages so that alternate fittings remain charged.
Keeping a logbook
Every test, fault and repair should be recorded in a logbook. It is the evidence that you are meeting your duties, and it is one of the first things a fire safety inspector or insurer will ask to see.
Self test fittings
Self test fittings run their own function and duration tests and show a status indicator. They reduce the time spent on monthly checks, but someone still needs to look at the indicators and record the results. They are a good upgrade for many buildings, especially when old fittings are being replaced with LED anyway.
Common questions
Can I do the monthly test myself?
Yes, a competent person on site can carry out monthly function tests and record them. The annual test and any repairs are usually done by an electrician.
How long should emergency lights last?
Most premises use three hour fittings. Some may use one hour fittings where the fire risk assessment allows, but three hours is the usual choice.
Do blocks of flats need emergency lighting?
Common areas such as corridors and stairs in blocks of flats usually do, depending on the fire risk assessment.
This guide is general information for properties in England and is not a substitute for an inspection by a qualified electrician.
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